The Role of the Benefit-of-the-Doubt Rule
The benefit-of-the-doubt standard is a key component in the VA’s process for evaluating disability claims. It requires that when the evidence for and against a veteran’s claim is evenly balanced, any uncertainty should be resolved in favor of the veteran. This principle exists to help veterans who may face difficulties in proving service-related health conditions, often due to limited or inconclusive medical documentation from their time in service.

The Supreme Court’s decision was based on the appeals of two veterans, Joshua Bufkin and Norman Thornton, each with unique and challenging medical claims. Bufkin, a former Air Force member, applied for benefits related to post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), but his claim was complicated by conflicting medical evaluations. Thornton, an Army veteran who served during the Gulf War, sought a higher disability rating for PTSD, but also faced mixed medical assessments.